Primary Navigation
Want to create or adapt books like this? Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices.
Book Contents Navigation
Principles of Social Psychology - 1st International H5P Edition
Contents
Accessibility Statement
Accessibility of This Resource
Known Accessibility Issues and Areas for Improvement
Let Us Know if You are Having Problems Accessing This Book
For Students: How to Access and Use this Textbook
Tips for Using This Textbook
Webbook vs. All Other Formats
About BCcampus Open Education
Acknowledgments
From the Adapting Authors
From the Original Author
Preface
Preface from Original Author
Organization
Pedagogy
Research Foci
Social Psychology in the Public Interest
Thinking Like a Social Psychologist
Adapting Authors' Notes
Chapter 1. Introducing Social Psychology
1.1 Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles
The History of Social Psychology
1.2 Affect, Behavior, and Cognition
Social Cognition: Thinking and Learning about Others
1.3 Conducting Research in Social Psychology
The Importance of Scientific Research
1.4 Chapter Summary
Chapter 2. Social Cognition
2.1 Sources of Social Knowledge
Our Knowledge Accumulates as a Result of Learning
2.2 How We Use Our Expectations
Automatic versus Controlled Cognition
2.3 Social Cognition and Affect
Affect Influences Cognition
Research Focus
2.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Cognition
2.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 3. The Self
3.1 The Cognitive Self: The Self-Concept
Development and Characteristics of the Self-Concept
3.2 The Feeling Self: Self-Esteem
Self-Esteem
3.3 The Social Self: The Role of the Social Situation
The Looking-Glass Self: Our Sense of Self is Influenced by Others’ Views of Us
3.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about the Self
3.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 4. Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion
4.1 Exploring Attitudes
Attitudes Are Evaluations
4.3 [new 4.2] Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior
Self-Perception Involves Inferring Our Beliefs from Our Behaviors
4.2 [new 4.3] Changing Attitudes through Persuasion
Choosing Effective Communicators
4.3 [to be 4.2] Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior
4.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion
4.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 5. Perceiving Others
5.1 Initial Impression Formation
Nonverbal Behavior
5.2 Inferring Dispositions Using Causal Attribution
Making Inferences about Personality
5.3 Biases in Attribution
Are Our Attributions Accurate?
5.4 Individual Differences in Person Perception
Perceiver Characteristics
5.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Person Perception
5.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter 6. Influencing and Conforming
6.1 The Many Varieties of Conformity
Informational Social Influence: Conforming to Be Accurate
Normative Social Influence: Conforming to Be Liked and to Avoid Rejection
Majority Influence: Conforming to the Group
Minority Influence: Resisting Group Pressure
6.2 Obedience, Power, and Leadership
Milgram’s Studies on Obedience to Authority
Types of Power
Leaders and Leadership
6.3 Person, Gender, and Cultural Differences in Conformity
Person Differences
Gender Differences
Cultural Differences
Psychological Reactance
6.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Influence
6.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 7. Liking and Loving
7.1 Initial Attraction
Physical Attractiveness
Gender Differences in Perceived Attractiveness
Why Is Physical Attractiveness So Important?
Affect and Attraction
7.2 Close Relationships: Liking and Loving over the Long Term
Closeness and Intimacy
Communal and Exchange Relationships
Interdependence and Commitment
What Is Love?
7.3 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Liking and Loving
7.4 Chapter Summary
Chapter 8. Helping and Altruism
8.1 Understanding Altruism: Self and Other Concerns
Kinship
Social Reinforcement and Altruism: The Role of Rewards and Costs
8.2 The Role of Affect: Moods and Emotions
Positive Moods Increase Helping
8.3 How the Social Context Influences Helping
Latané and Darley’s Model of Helping
8.4 Other Determinants of Helping
Some People Are More Helpful Than Others: The Altruistic Personality
8.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Altruism
8.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter 9. Aggression
9.1 Defining Aggression
9.2 The Biological and Emotional Causes of Aggression
Is Aggression Evolutionarily Adaptive?
9.3 The Violence around Us: How the Social Situation Influences Aggression
Social Learning and Modeling: Is Aggression Learned?
9.4 Personal and Cultural Influences on Aggression
Individual Differences in Aggression
9.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Aggression
9.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter 10. Working Groups: Performance and Decision Making
10.1 Understanding Social Groups
Similarity
Communication, Interdependence, and Group Structure
Social Identity
10.2 Group Performance
Social Facilitation and Social Inhibition
Process Losses and Process Gains
10.3 Group Decision Making
Process Gains in Group versus Individual Decision Making
Process Losses Due to Group Conformity Pressures: Groupthink
10.4 Improving Group Performance and Decision Making
Motivating Groups to Perform Better by Appealing to Self-Interest
10.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Groups
10.6 Chapter Summary
Chapter 11. Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
11.1 Social Categorization and Stereotyping
Spontaneous Social Categorization
11.2 Ingroup Favoritism and Prejudice
Liking “Us” More Than “Them”: Ingroup Favoritism
11.3 Reducing Discrimination
Reducing Discrimination by Changing Social Norms
Reducing Prejudice through Intergroup Contact
11.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination
11.5 Chapter Summary
Chapter 12. Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds
12.1 Conflict, Cooperation, Morality, and Fairness
Competition and Conflict
Cooperation: Social Norms That Lead Us to Be Good to Others
Morality
Social Fairness
Reactions to Unfairness
12.2 How the Social Situation Creates Conflict: The Role of Social Dilemmas
The Prisoner’s Dilemma
Resource Dilemma Games
Who Cooperates and Who Competes?
12.3 Strategies for Producing Cooperation
Task Characteristics and Perceptions
Privatization
The Important Role of Communication
The Tit-for-Tat Strategy
Formal Solutions to Conflict: Negotiation, Mediation, and Arbitration
12.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Cooperation and Competition
12.5 Chapter Summary
About the Authors
Rajiv Jhangiani
Hammond Tarry
Charles Stangor
Glossary
Versioning History
Previous/next navigation
Jessica's Sandbox Copyright © by Jessica O, TRU Open Press is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.