Contents

  1. Activity 2 Ch7.2

  2. Activity 3 Ch7.2

  3. Main content test

    1. Principles of Social Psychology - 1st International H5P Edition

    2. Contents

    3. Accessibility Statement

    4. Accessibility of This Resource

    5. Known Accessibility Issues and Areas for Improvement

    6. Let Us Know if You are Having Problems Accessing This Book

    7. For Students: How to Access and Use this Textbook

    8. Tips for Using This Textbook

    9. Webbook vs. All Other Formats

    10. About BCcampus Open Education

    11. Acknowledgments

    12. From the Adapting Authors

    13. From the Original Author

    14. Preface

    15. Preface from Original Author

    16. Organization

    17. Pedagogy

    18. Research Foci

    19. Social Psychology in the Public Interest

    20. Thinking Like a Social Psychologist

    21. Adapting Authors' Notes

    22. Chapter 1. Introducing Social Psychology

    23. 1.1 Defining Social Psychology: History and Principles

    24. The History of Social Psychology

    25. 1.2 Affect, Behavior, and Cognition

    26. Social Cognition: Thinking and Learning about Others

    27. 1.3 Conducting Research in Social Psychology

    28. The Importance of Scientific Research

    29. 1.4 Chapter Summary

    30. Chapter 2. Social Cognition

    31. 2.1 Sources of Social Knowledge

    32. Our Knowledge Accumulates as a Result of Learning

    33. 2.2 How We Use Our Expectations

    34. Automatic versus Controlled Cognition

    35. 2.3 Social Cognition and Affect

    36. Affect Influences Cognition

    37. Research Focus

    38. 2.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Cognition

    39. 2.5 Chapter Summary

    40. Chapter 3. The Self

    41. 3.1 The Cognitive Self: The Self-Concept

    42. Development and Characteristics of the Self-Concept

    43. 3.2 The Feeling Self: Self-Esteem

    44. Self-Esteem

    45. 3.3 The Social Self: The Role of the Social Situation

    46. The Looking-Glass Self: Our Sense of Self is Influenced by Others’ Views of Us

    47. 3.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about the Self

    48. 3.5 Chapter Summary

    49. Chapter 4. Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion

    50. 4.1 Exploring Attitudes

    51. Attitudes Are Evaluations

    52. 4.3 [new 4.2] Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior

    53. Self-Perception Involves Inferring Our Beliefs from Our Behaviors

    54. 4.2 [new 4.3] Changing Attitudes through Persuasion

    55. Choosing Effective Communicators

    56. 4.3 [to be 4.2] Changing Attitudes by Changing Behavior

    57. Self-Perception Involves Inferring Our Beliefs from Our Behaviors

    58. 4.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Attitudes, Behavior, and Persuasion

    59. 4.5 Chapter Summary

    60. Chapter 5. Perceiving Others

    61. 5.1 Initial Impression Formation

    62. Nonverbal Behavior

    63. 5.2 Inferring Dispositions Using Causal Attribution

    64. Making Inferences about Personality

    65. 5.3 Biases in Attribution

    66. Are Our Attributions Accurate?

    67. 5.4 Individual Differences in Person Perception

    68. Perceiver Characteristics

    69. 5.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Person Perception

    70. 5.6 Chapter Summary

    71. Chapter 6. Influencing and Conforming

    72. 6.1 The Many Varieties of Conformity

    73. Informational Social Influence: Conforming to Be Accurate

    74. Normative Social Influence: Conforming to Be Liked and to Avoid Rejection

    75. Majority Influence: Conforming to the Group

    76. Minority Influence: Resisting Group Pressure

    77. 6.2 Obedience, Power, and Leadership

    78. Milgram’s Studies on Obedience to Authority

    79. Types of Power

    80. Leaders and Leadership

    81. 6.3 Person, Gender, and Cultural Differences in Conformity

    82. Person Differences

    83. Gender Differences

    84. Cultural Differences

    85. Psychological Reactance

    86. 6.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Influence

    87. 6.5 Chapter Summary

    88. Chapter 7. Liking and Loving

    89. 7.1 Initial Attraction

    90. Physical Attractiveness

    91. Gender Differences in Perceived Attractiveness

    92. Why Is Physical Attractiveness So Important?

    93. Affect and Attraction

    94. 7.2 Close Relationships: Liking and Loving over the Long Term

    95. Closeness and Intimacy

    96. Communal and Exchange Relationships

    97. Interdependence and Commitment

    98. What Is Love?

    99. 7.3 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Liking and Loving

    100. 7.4 Chapter Summary

    101. Chapter 8. Helping and Altruism

    102. 8.1 Understanding Altruism: Self and Other Concerns

    103. Kinship

    104. Social Reinforcement and Altruism: The Role of Rewards and Costs

    105. 8.2 The Role of Affect: Moods and Emotions

    106. Positive Moods Increase Helping

    107. 8.3 How the Social Context Influences Helping

    108. Latané and Darley’s Model of Helping

    109. 8.4 Other Determinants of Helping

    110. Some People Are More Helpful Than Others: The Altruistic Personality

    111. 8.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Altruism

    112. 8.6 Chapter Summary

    113. Chapter 9. Aggression

    114. 9.1 Defining Aggression

    115. 9.2 The Biological and Emotional Causes of Aggression

    116. Is Aggression Evolutionarily Adaptive?

    117. 9.3 The Violence around Us: How the Social Situation Influences Aggression

    118. Social Learning and Modeling: Is Aggression Learned?

    119. 9.4 Personal and Cultural Influences on Aggression

    120. Individual Differences in Aggression

    121. 9.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Aggression

    122. 9.6 Chapter Summary

    123. Chapter 10. Working Groups: Performance and Decision Making

    124. 10.1 Understanding Social Groups

    125. Similarity

    126. Communication, Interdependence, and Group Structure

    127. Social Identity

    128. 10.2 Group Performance

    129. Social Facilitation and Social Inhibition

    130. Process Losses and Process Gains

    131. 10.3 Group Decision Making

    132. Process Gains in Group versus Individual Decision Making

    133. Process Losses Due to Group Conformity Pressures: Groupthink

    134. 10.4 Improving Group Performance and Decision Making

    135. Motivating Groups to Perform Better by Appealing to Self-Interest

    136. 10.5 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Social Groups

    137. 10.6 Chapter Summary

    138. Chapter 11. Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

    139. 11.1 Social Categorization and Stereotyping

    140. Spontaneous Social Categorization

    141. 11.2 Ingroup Favoritism and Prejudice

    142. Liking “Us” More Than “Them”: Ingroup Favoritism

    143. 11.3 Reducing Discrimination

    144. Reducing Discrimination by Changing Social Norms

    145. Reducing Prejudice through Intergroup Contact

    146. 11.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Stereotyping, Prejudice, and Discrimination

    147. 11.5 Chapter Summary

    148. Chapter 12. Competition and Cooperation in Our Social Worlds

    149. 12.1 Conflict, Cooperation, Morality, and Fairness

    150. Competition and Conflict

    151. Cooperation: Social Norms That Lead Us to Be Good to Others

    152. Morality

    153. Social Fairness

    154. Reactions to Unfairness

    155. 12.2 How the Social Situation Creates Conflict: The Role of Social Dilemmas

    156. The Prisoner’s Dilemma

    157. Resource Dilemma Games

    158. Who Cooperates and Who Competes?

    159. 12.3 Strategies for Producing Cooperation

    160. Task Characteristics and Perceptions

    161. Privatization

    162. The Important Role of Communication

    163. The Tit-for-Tat Strategy

    164. Formal Solutions to Conflict: Negotiation, Mediation, and Arbitration

    165. 12.4 Thinking Like a Social Psychologist about Cooperation and Competition

    166. 12.5 Chapter Summary

    167. About the Authors

    168. Rajiv Jhangiani

    169. Hammond Tarry

    170. Charles Stangor

    171. Glossary

    172. Versioning History